Passion Equal Success free essay sample

My dad once said to me, â€Å"Choose a career you love, and you will never work a day in your life.† I believe that if a person has a passion for his or her job they will be more successful.I want a job that can support my family in the future, but one I can also enjoy doing. Although I excel in math subjects, I always had a passion for law-related fields. Ever since I was a little girl, this field has always stuck out to me in some way. Law first sparked my interest when I was younger, and I use to watch Law and Order, a television show relating to law, with my mom. After I would watch an episode, I would get a big head and argue with my mom over everything right down to what color socks I should wear to school the following day. As I got older, guidance counselors were constantly telling me I needed to start thinking about my future. We will write a custom essay sample on Passion Equal Success or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The only thing I can see myself as is a lawyer. I decided to do some research. Starting last summer, I have been in contact with a District Attorney’s Assistant to familiarize myself with the career to make sure it was what I thought it was. Last summer, I had job shadowed a District Attorney’s Assistant that works at the Lackawanna County District Attorney’s Office. I truly can see myself in this career and my parents can as well. They told me they could tell this was the career for me by the way I was talking about the day I spent with my new role model; I got to spend a day in the life of an Attorney. Before I could start my day, I had to sign a confidentiality paper.After that, I was taken to the office and had to read over some of the cases to familiarize myself with them. I was given an enormous stack of packets to read. The stack was at least two inches thick, I wondered how I can possibly get done reading them in one day. I was nervous about it being too much work at this point, but when I started reading the packets that consisted of the crime that they had committed, and their previous criminal records, I suddenly became more intrigued by the way the legal system worked. I flew through the stack of papers in a little amount of time, because I was so interested. I got to meet some lawyers, police officers, and even the judge because I got done reading my papers before it was time to meet with clients. At this time, I had to go back to the room called central court, where the judge was and get ready for clients to come in. They clients started coming in the room, some people that looked like everyday people, dressed in normal clothes, and some in orange jumpsuits. Now I had to call them up to the stand where the judge, the District Attorneys assistant, and I were. If a person answered that he or she was present, I then had to present what they were accused of, and then I had to let the lawyers battle it out until they came to a conclusion on what they were going to sentence the criminal to. I was so interested in how the District Attorney and the Defense Lawyer came to the conclusion. Out of around 100 cases I went through that day, only one was on the verge of going to court. The District Attorney and the Defense Attorney, just could not come to an agreement on how they should charge they criminal. This was one of the more severe cases of course. Finally, they came to a fair agre ement. It was interesting watching them. Throughout my long day, I finally came to a conclusion that this is the career I want to pursue. At West Chester University I would hope to study Political Science by majoring in government so I can explore the beginning of the law field. I am sure that WCU will give me all of the tools, knowledge, and background I need to become a successful District Attorney.

Free Essays on A Musical Betrayal

. It’s true poetry. In cold English sense, they use metaphors and imagery to bring songs to life and make it beautiful, or expose something gruesome, but its all things every day people can relate to. Then you got these new pop artists like Britney Spears singing lyrics like â€Å"Oops†¦I did it again. What is that, the worst part is most new pop artists don’t write their own lyrics. While bands and rock acts nearly always pen their own songs in order to convey whichever message they might be aiming for. Pop acts are far more often than not written by someone else who â€Å"knows† what an audience wants. While rock tends to have lyrics with poetry, depth, and meaning, pop tends to have lyrics that are shallow, oversimplified, and so straight forward and without abstraction that there is no room for interpretation. While lyrics are important, music is music and is meant to be listened to. Rock acts are almost always bands. There are actual instruments involved. Acoustic, electric guitars, bass, drums, and the powerful emotion of a singer that is what makes a band. ... Free Essays on A Musical Betrayal Free Essays on A Musical Betrayal A Musical Betrayal In the 60’s it was the Beatles. Then Jimi Hendrix revolutioned the electric guitar. The 70’s stoner music followed, 80’s was heavy metal, the 90’s was rap and alternative, and now were left with groups like the Backstreet Boys and N’sync. What happened to music? As we enter a new millennium, rock, in its purest form, is widely proclaimed dead. It has been replaced by the latest bubble gum pop trend; rock is no longer the art it used to be. It’s old hat, obsolete, over and done with thanks to the artless form of bubble gum pop. Even more depressing is that the critics and audiences confuse to meld the two with the label of â€Å"Rock/Pop.† Unless you are Mozart or Beethoven, lyrics are absolutely crucial to and artist. Music sets the mood, but lyrics make the idea clear. Rock, rap, alternative have depth to their words. It’s true poetry. In cold English sense, they use metaphors and imagery to bring songs to life and make it beautiful, or expose something gruesome, but its all things every day people can relate to. Then you got these new pop artists like Britney Spears singing lyrics like â€Å"Oops†¦I did it again. What is that, the worst part is most new pop artists don’t write their own lyrics. While bands and rock acts nearly always pen their own songs in order to convey whichever message they might be aiming for. Pop acts are far more often than not written by someone else who â€Å"knows† what an audience wants. While rock tends to have lyrics with poetry, depth, and meaning, pop tends to have lyrics that are shallow, oversimplified, and so straight forward and without abstrac tion that there is no room for interpretation. While lyrics are important, music is music and is meant to be listened to. Rock acts are almost always bands. There are actual instruments involved. Acoustic, electric guitars, bass, drums, and the powerful emotion of a singer that is what makes a band. ...

Amp Financial Company of Australia and New Zealand

This research study analyzes the business of the AMP Financial Company and also evaluates their financial data (Kelly et al., 2016). In the recent days, the AMP Financial Company leads the entire wealth management industry in Australia and New Zealand. The AMP Financial Company helps their customers by providing them financial advice, superannuation services for the business of their customers, retirement income, investments on individual products, life insurance, income protection, etc. The most important business significance of this AMP financial company is to provide services to their customers regarding all banking issues such as income protection, financial advice, selection procedure of banking products, investments in share, property, fixed interest and multi-asset funds, etc. For the AMP financial company their main motto is to understand the customer needs and provide them a good quality service which leads to their satisfaction (Buckless & Krawczyk, 2016). The AMP financia l company mainly helps the other business firms by researching the financial factors which help the firm to develop and improved in future. By accepting the advice and service of AMP financial company the business firms can able to get a better quality product at reasonable price and also can able to improve the standard of their firms. By analyzing the financial data the AMP financial company helps those business firms to maintain a good reputation and corporate image within the market and also helps them to gain a high level of profitability (Abhayawansa, & Guthrie, 2014). The AMP financial company also helps the government through paying revenue on profit and all types of service taxes. In this research study, the researchers want to expand the knowledge which is related to the study of the business procedure and about the financial information of the AMP Financial Company (Chan & Ryan, 2013). By the help of literature review, different literature sources and theories are reviewed for collecting the useful data or information about the research topic. By reviewing that literature the researchers can able to make a better quality research study through which a clear idea about the topic can be derived easily. The research study will undergo various terms that will help in detail explanation of the selected topic (Yang, 2012). In the recent days, there are several numbers of financial institutions which are operating throughout every country. The AMP Financial Company have to follow three numbers of general observations about the literature review before discussing the individual approaches towards the development of the financial system of the company. Firstly, it be comes more necessary to review the literature with extra caution. The recommendations within the study suggest that the countries should also need to introduce some improvement and development and also adopt innovative ideas within their organization (Berk et al. 2013). Secondly, the literature reflects that the donors and the governments have followed an approach which leads to the supply of finance and can able to emphasize the rate of increase of supply and also reduce the rate of loan cost in some specific sectors (Ghasemy et al. 2016). Thirdly the final observation is the donors and the governments have also shied away from the using of the private sectors for providing financial services to those specific sectors. The worth extant in the finance sector is described as per to the character of the financial transaction. In the recent times, the financial sectors are seriously observing contest where Latest Corporation are entering daily (Gattorna, 2016). The AMP Financial Compan y fundamentally describes surroundings where difficulties of the customers are interwoven beside with the services of the organization. Deliver worth to the organization also explain the service that delivers value to the customers (Keneley, 2016). As per Williamson, concerns of the organizations is associated with the customers’ requirements which help in better business activities and also brings a better level of sustainability to the organization. The resource-advantage theory describes the combination of the heterogeneous resources and the heterogeneous demand of the consumers. The capital of an organization can be financial, material, legal, human-based, organizational-based, informational and relational (Oh et al., 2013). As per recognition of the individuality present inside the association, main emphasis needs to be specified so that it can out hit competitor firm as well as draw clientele based on that source. At the time of adopting resource-advance theory, the org anization should try to use the competitive advantage of the company to become the leading financial company and enjoy the greater number of customers compared to their competitor organizations. According to the study of this research process, the researchers found some research question which clears the queries to arise at the time of studying that research paper. The main research questions for analyzing the problems and opportunities of the AMP Financial company are as follows – 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is the fundamental problem? 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is the relationship between the issue and the company? 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Why is it important to overcome the problem? 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   How the company planned to tackle the problem? 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   How the company planned to broadcast their results? 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Is the cash flow is a flow of cash to the shareholders or the company? 8.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Is there having any reduction of value or cost of the fixed assets of the company? 9.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Is the annual net income of the company can able to made that year or it only become a number? 10.   Is the book value become the best proxy to the share values? 11.   Is it become possible for the AMP financial company to have positive net income which never distributes the dividends in the postponement of payments? 12.   Is it better for the company to purchase shares and assets of other company?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   13.   How is the optimal capital structure calculated? By the help of investigate method, the investigator tried to identify the most suitable research apparatus and techniques for studying the business procedure and the financial activities in the AMP Financial Company and can able to make a better quality research study. Research methodology is defined as the explanation of the process which is undertaken at the time of studying the research topic (Durocher et al., 2015). By the help of these research techniques, the researchers can able to analyze the collected financial data which help to understand the feedback of the respondents in a better way. The researchers generally analyze the financial statement of the company for revealing the importance of those items which is included in the Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss Account. According to Macmillan and Kennedy, Financial Performance is a type of scientific process by the help of which the researchers can able to evaluate the financial strength and profitability of any type of busi ness firms (Yap et al, 2014). Financial performance is actually a snapshot through which the researchers can able to determine the efficiency and ability of the company to survive within the market. By the help of the financial performance, the position of the company within the market can also be determined. Financial Performance is actually the blueprint of all those financial affairs which takes place in the organization (Bazley et al., 2013). Basically, Financial Performance is that medium through which any organization can able to evaluate the entire management performance within the organization. The key aim of the financial performance of a financial statement for the profit and loss account and Balance Sheet of a company is to diagnose the productivity, profitability, activity, liquidity and the financial condition of the business firm (Shaw, 2016). The main objective of the business is to earn satisfactory returns on that funds which are invested within the business. Each and every individual research study has their own frame of times which allows the researcher to arrange their research activities throughout the whole research process. According to Bernard, the Gantt chart is a type of research tool by the help of which the researchers can able to make a list of the task according to the time which is taken by the researcher at the time of the study the whole research process. classification of secondary information sources Preparing interview/survey, ethics form Conclusion as well as recommendations In the table of Gantt chart, the researcher points out the most important tasks which are required to emphasis at that time when the research is conducted. Gantt chart also helps the researchers to understand the status of that particular research study. The research process is a procedure through which the entire research work is taking place. The research process of any research study takes place through certain steps (Bunney & Therry, 2013). In this research study, the researchers want to analyze the financial activities of the AMP Financial Company. Therefore, for determining the financial activities of the AMP Financial Company the researcher follows the following steps – Step 1: At first, the researchers determine the need for the research of the financial performance of the company Step 2: After that they to identify and define the problems Step 3: Then the researchers should establish the objectives of the research study on that particular topic Step 4: After establishing the research objectives the researchers should prepare a research design Step 5: After that, the researchers should able to identify the sources from where the data are collected and also can able to determine the types of information which are collected from various sources. Step 6: Then the researchers determine the process or methods through which they can able to access the data. Step 7: In the next step, the researchers prepares the forms and make a design for collecting the data Step 8: Then the researchers determine the size of the sample and make a plan for the sample collection process regarding the factors which can affect t the sample. Step 9: After that, the researchers collect the data Step: 10 Then they analyze the data critically Step 11: At last, the researchers prepare the whole research paper properly and present it. The data collection process in a realistic sense will permit the investigator in experience different types of public and also help the researchers to improve their interaction skills. By the help of the study of research concepts, the researchers can able to gain knowledge about the process of data collection and also help the researchers to analyze the financial performance of the AMP Financial Company in future (Horngren et al., 2013). The researchers adopt or select the data gathering process depending on the character and types of data collected and according to the topic of the research study. The Data collection process adds value to the research quality by enlarging the platform of knowledge. By the help of data collection process, the researchers can able to collect two types of data. The two types of data are 1) primary data and 2) secondary data. The primary data are those data which are collected by the researchers directly from the environment at the time of conducting t he research process. By the help of main data, the researchers can able to gather the most relevant facts and information though it takes enough time, as it is a long procedure in contrast to secondary data. Whereas, the secondary data are guided on the basis that comprises the online and offline source of data. There are two types of data which are analyzed by the researchers at the time of conducting the research study. The two kinds of data are – 1) Qualitative data and 2) Quantitative data. The research study is more inclined towards the outcomes related to the value due to which the customers can able to obtain a better realization and satisfaction and also can able to serve a better quality of utility as well. After reviewing the financial statement of the AMP Financial Company, the researchers determine the five-year financial summary of the AMP Financial Company. In this research study, the researchers can able to analyze the business and financial performance of the AMP Financial Company. The most important business significance of this AMP financial company is to provide services to their customers regarding all banking issues such as income protection, financial advice, selection procedure of banking products, investments in share, etc. The resources of an organization can be financial, physical, legal, human-based, organizational-based, informational and relational. As per recognition of the individuality present inside the organization, main emphasis needs to be known so that it can out hit competitor firms as well as draw clientele based on that source. The AMP financial company mainly helps the other business firms by researching the financial factors which help the firm to develop and improved in future. By the help of this research study, everybody can able to get a clear idea about the financial performance of the AMP Financial Comp any.   Horngren, C.T., Sundem, G.L., Schatzberg, J.O. and Burgstahler, D., 2013.Introduction to management accounting. Pearson Higher Ed. Bunney, D. and Therry, L., 2013. Employability skills in the Master of Professional Accounting: One school’s journey.  eCULTURE,  3(1), p.3. Shaw, T.M., 2016. The Question of Financial Career Paths: Which Graduate Program and/or Professional Certification Leads to the Greatest Income and Level of Satisfaction Based on a Survey of Professionals working within the Accounting/Finance Fields?. Bazley, M., Hancock, P., Fisher, C., Lovell, A., Berk, J., DeMarzo, P., Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P., 2013.  Financial Accounting: An Integrated. Thomson Pty Ltd, South Melbourne. Yap, C., Ryan, S. and Yong, J., 2014. Challenges facing professional accounting education in a commercialised education sector.  Accounting Education,  23(6), pp.562-581. Yang, Q., 2012.  An investigation of the factors that influence Chinese students to do a Master of Professional Accounting (MPA) program in New Zealand  (Doctoral dissertation, Auckland University of Technology). Buckless, F. and Krawczyk, K., 2016. The relation of student engagement and other admission metrics to Master of Accounting student performance.Accounting Education, pp.1-15. Chan, H.T. and Ryan, S., 2013. Challenging stereotypes: International accounting students in Australia.  Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing,  9(2), p.169. Durocher, S., Gendron, Y. and Picard, C.F., 2015. Waves of Global Standardization: Small Practitioners' Resilience and Intra-Professional Fragmentation within the Accounting Profession.  Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory,  35(1), pp.65-88. Oh, C.H., Park, J.H. and Ghauri, P.N., 2013. Doing right, investing right: Socially responsible investing and shareholder activism in the financial sector.  Business Horizons,  56(6), pp.703-714. Abhayawansa, S. and Guthrie, J., 2014. Importance of intellectual capital information: a study of Australian analyst reports.  Australian Accounting Review,  24(1), pp.66-83. Keneley, M.J., 2016. The breakdown of the workplace ‘family’and the rise of personnel management within an Australian financial institution 1950–1980.Business History, pp.1-18. Gattorna, J., 2016.  Dynamic supply chain alignment: a new business model for peak performance in enterprise supply chains across all geographies. CRC Press. Kelly, G., Delaney, D., Chai, G. and Mohamed, S., 2016. Optimising local council's return on investment from annual pavement rehabilitation budgets through targeting of the average pavement condition index.  Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition),  3(5), pp.465-474. Berk, J., DeMarzo, P., Harford, J., Ford, G., Mollica, V. and Finch, N., 2013.Fundamentals of corporate finance. Pearson Higher Education AU. Ghasemy, M., Hussin, S. and Daud, M.A.K.M., 2016. Academic leadership capability framework: a comparison of its compatibility and applicability in Australia, New Zealand, and Malaysia.  Asia Pacific Education Review,  17(2), pp.217-233.

Rite of Passage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Rite of Passage - Essay Example It is irrefutable that the way rites of passages are being conducted had evolved over time. As cultures recognized the changing needs of their member, they have devised new formal procedures to celebrate the transitions in their lives. However, rites of passage have already changed in context and meaning. For example, an individual's coming of age which was celebrated by a ritual which required jungle survival to test the survival ability and responsibility of an adolescent is now replaced with formal arties to celebrate the freedom from families especially parents. The current problematic situation of adolescents nowadays requires a modern rite of passage to signal their coming of age and transition to adulthood. This modern rite of passage should not only serve as an indication of the adolescents' newfound freedom to do what they want and the end of their parents' authority over them but also address the numerous issues which are currently faced by adolescents. This paper will present a modern rite of passage which will mark the transition between adolescence and adulthood. This will try to incorporate the issues which confront the modern youth in order to equip them with the much needed knowledge and skill to face adulthood responsibly. This report will be divided into three parts according to the distinct phases of rites of passage-separation, transition, and incorporation. This rite of passage will be conducted to teenagers aged 15-17 years of age. SEPARATION: LOSS OF IDENTITY The first part of rite of passage is called separation which is a process to end the current identity of the adolescent. This part is very important as the creation of a new identity is not possible without ending the old one. Thus, this modern rite of passage will begin with the physical separation of the adolescents from the significant people in their lives especially their families and friends. Adolescents aged 15-17 will need to prepare for the rite of passage by packing their clothing and other personal belongings to stay for a Transition Camp. It is extremely important that adolescents will only be restricted to bring what they will need. These are those basic things that individuals can't leave without like clothing, slippers, and things for personal hygiene. It should be noted that things like iPods, cellular phones, PCs, notebooks, and laptops shouldn't be brought to the Transition Camp. This will ensure that the adolescents will be fully separated from the outside world and will let them concentrate on the activities in the camp. Communication with people from outside the camp will not be tolerated. Also, no drugs, alcohol, and non-participants will be allowed inside the camp. Specific rules will also be observed inside the Transition Camp which will govern all the participants. The camp site will cater to both boys and girls. The boys will share a communal bedroom will all the boys while the girls will also be sleeping together. The adolescents will be doing on all the household chores in the camp. In order to organize the housekeeping, they will be grouped and assigned specific tasks for each week. The groups will consist of both boys and girls. Each of the household tasks will be rotated so that each group will have the chance to learn every household chore. Separation from the important persons in the adolescents is symbolic for this modern rite of passage. As the rite of passa

Grades inflation in the US Annotated Bibliography

Grades inflation in the US - Annotated Bibliography Example Students and the citizens have been worried about the criteria the professors use when they are grading different students from different races. The problem has been noted since many students have graduated and only a few numbers haven’t. This has been noted. In this article they explain further about grade inflation and the problems that it has caused to the students. The article talks of the act of discrimination in the grading process. You will also find the comparison between different institutions and the policies put in place for the grading process. The article also presents its argument in a diagrammatic way and gives statistics of the same. The article broadly explains on the issue of the grades but for this one is deeper. It tries to overlook the problem and the reasons behind it. It also has a diagram that helps the learner even understand more. The article is very interesting and gives the learner a good experience. It tries to see through the possibilities and the impossibilities of schools applying grade inflation as a way of competition. The article also tries to lay the differences link between school choice and grade inflation. It also goes ahead and talks about empirical strategy The article goes straight to discuss the matter and in this case the article talks about the parents in another dimension where they get to choose the best schools for their children without having in mind the gradation process. The source is very relevant and has good arguments on the matter. This is an article that tries to review whether the credibility of data would affect the data inflation.They get their research from the US law schools admissions. They base their argument onthe reliability and the sincerity of the data that they get. They also give prior research and also have diagrammatic explanations to explain further with the use of examples. There is a lot of data analyzing in this case

The US Sugar Quotas Essay Example for Free

The US Sugar Quotas Essay In the bid to regulate the amount of sugar imported into the United States, the federal Government imposed a quota that gave limited exclusive rights of export to a few countries. These countries range from Brazil, Philippines, Peru and Colombia among others. The logic behind this move was to protect the United States infant sugar industry from the competition from foreign farmers that enjoy more conducive environment for surplus production. It was also in the bid to appease farmers from Louisiana territory. This was in spite of the fact that experts had warned that sugar growing in the United States would be impeded by the harsh environment. Others argued that the tariffs by the 1820s had to be maintained so as to maintain a high demand and the value of slaves. The imposition of sugar tariffs and quotas is supposed to help in subsidizing sugar growing. These sugar quotas continue to have negative impacts. It has to be understood that this is a costly system to the consumers and the taxpayers. The United States has maintained a very high price for its sugar, higher above the international price in sixth fold. James Bovard notes that â€Å"each 1-cent increase in the price of sugar adds between $ 250 and $ 300 million to consumers’ food bills.† He continues to note that a study conducted by one commerce department found out that â€Å"sugar program was costing American consumers more than $3 billion a year† (1998). The quota after its imposition single-handedly handed blows to other types of businesses. Brazil in a retaliatory stance reduced significantly its consumption of the American grain. Other countries that were relying on sugar exports to America resorted to wheat and corn, stiffening the competition that exists between the American and other countries. Candy producers have also been hit the worst. Initially, candy firms were circumventing the sugar quota by importing products high in sugar and then sifting the sugar, the federal government made a crackdown on this. Now, these firms are being forced to compete with their foreign counterparts who apparently have access to cheap sugar and hence cheap chocolate has increased, hurting the local industries. A number of people in the United States have lost jobs due to the sugar quotas. This number is higher than the number of farmers that the quota purports to protect. According to James Bovard, a commerce department had it that â€Å"the high price of sugar destroyed almost 9,000 US jobs in food manufacturing since 1981.† An example is given of one Branch Candy Company that relocated to Canada terminating over three thousand workers contracts. It remains the opinion of the majority that the sugar quota is not only hurting the multilateral tie that the United States has enjoys with the neighboring countries, it is also exploitative to the consumers. It is the high time that these quotas were abolished and the sugar plantations converted to other viable crops.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The taking over the mantle of power in the house by the Republicans in the mid 1990s had given false signs that the sugar quota would finally cease to exist. A bill co-sponsored to end the program lost narrowly as the house voted to stay the sugar quota system. Immense lobbying took place in the house before the voting. This indicates how volatile the debate is and how it is influenced by politics and the fear of backlash from the sugar growing Districts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An analysis of the history and recent trends of the United States sugar quota reveals it has always been at the centre of American politics especially on its relations with the immediate neighbors such as Cuba and Mexico. The Clinton administration for example had to grapple with the sugar politics as the congress was being required to approve the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). One specific aim of NAFTA was to remove the quotas and the tariffs that existed between the United States and other countries such as Mexico and Canada.   The removal of the stringent controls with Mexico could have the net result of opening up the United States market to the unlimited imports of sugar thus threatening the high sugar prices existing (Roberts, P., 1999). Right from the early 1800, politics have dominated and completely dictated the implementation of the sugar quotas. Former congressmen have been enjoying lucrative contracts as lobbyists for the industry or for the foreign sugar producers wishing to be a part of the exclusive list. It is to be noted that the number of farmers set to profit in the United States sugar quotas fall way below fifty thousand, but due to the sensitivity of the matter and the amount of money involved, they have been able to influence the sugar importation policies in the excuse that it is in the bid to protect an infant industry. The sugar industry in the United States has become lucrative solely because of the subsidies it receives. The taxes imposed on sugar extend far beyond the price and its cost. The protectionist and the loan program on sugar mean that the farmers are in a win-win situation. They have enough funds to cater for cost of growing and producing and are slated to sell at a high price. All this is a done in the wake of sharp criticm that has reigned in sugar politics especially from the affected neighbors. In the bid to respond to the criticism on the infringement of the free market and enterprise spirit, the Reagan administration for example formed the foreign aimed Program aimed at providing the affected countries with food. The fears by the producers that imports will lead to reduced sugar prices and the loss of revenue and subsidies has led to the immense lobbying especially by the districts producing sugar, this has prompted favorable policies and bills in the congress. References Roberts, Paul. Nov. 1, 1999. The Sweet Hereafter: Our Craving for Sugar Starves the Everglades and Fattens the Politicians. Harpers. James Bovard, April 1998. The Great Sugar Shaft. The Future of Freedom Foundation. Retrieved on 12th may 2008 from http://www.fff.org/freedom/0498d.asp

Ginsberg, Allen. Howl and Other Poems. San Francisco: City Light Books,

Ginsberg, Allen. Howl and Other Poems. San Francisco: City Light Books, 2001. Capitalizing on Capitalizing in Ginsberg’s Howl Ginsberg was a literary revolutionary as can be seen in his poetry. He pushed form and genre, theory and confrontation, confession and controversy right to the threshold and over the doorway of societal standards. In pushing and pushing, Ginsberg creates a new vocabulary for certain words by capitalizing them and giving them the significance of the ‘proper noun.’ By capitalizing the first letter of certain words, Ginsberg gives a solid identity to intangible things and redefines their role in a corrupted society that has destroyed the â€Å"best minds† of his generation. Heaven, Terror, Time, Zen, Eternity, Capitalism, Absolute Reality and Space find their niche among the cities and events in section one. None of the words begin a sentence and some are used multiple times, giving them even more validity in their existence. Somewhere along the line the â€Å"best minds of [Ginsberg’s] generation† â€Å"bared their brains to Heaven,† â€Å"cowered†¦listening to the Terror,† in the midst of â€Å"poles†¦illuminating all the motionless world of Time† and â€Å"vanished into nowhere Zen,† â€Å"followed a brilliant Spaniard to converse about America and Eternity,† â€Å"burned cigarette holes in their arms protesting the narcotic tobacco haze of Capitalism,† or â€Å"were run down by the drunken taxicabs of Absolute Reality† (9-13, 16). Despite Ginsberg’s rants towards hysteria and chaos, there is some hope in the vulnerability of men who â€Å"bared their brains to Heaven.† There is a strong sense of redemption in the Eternity that is continuously referred to page to page. This also gives the minds some validity and a sense of ownership of... ...ey tie in with the Absolute Reality way of approaching the world. At the same time that he devalues Visions and Dreams, calling them, â€Å"the whole boatload of sensitive bullshit,† he also seems to feel that way because they have been devalued by America, rather than by be devalued in their own right (22). The few remaining capitalized words maintain that strand of hope that Ginsberg gave in section one. Even if America has devalued Dreams, Visions, and Epiphanies, they are still there for the taking in some sense. By the third section, Ginsberg has found some middle ground and solidarity. There is hope for the destroyed minds and corrupted America. Ginsberg attaches his own meaning to these words to set up the minds vs. society and provides some eternal hope that stands outside of society’s domination and gives everyone some ultimate answers and consistency.

Brazilian culture Essay

Culture refers to the norms, values and conceptions which influences an individual’s behavior. They are usually not tangible things though they greatly affect or influence the reactions or response of an individual to certain circumstances. Different communities have different cultures which are usually expressed through the various artifacts and symbols as well as ceremonies and traditions. The national culture of a place is usually expressed through the language spoken, the religion practiced, the etiquette and attitudes of the people, body language as well a literature, arts and music in such a country. The national culture of a country influences the way things and business are carried out and as such the performance of different entities within the country. Brazilian culture Brazil is located in the southern America and it is characterized by different and diverse culture which is as a result of cultural and ethnic mixing between the Africans, the native Americans and the Portuguese which occurred during the colonial era which. Other groups of people which have greatly influenced the culture of Brazil are the Spanish, Arabs, the Germans and the Italian immigrants who settled in Brazil between the 19th and the 20th century. This diverse nature of Brazilian people has given rise to a national culture which is so diverse. Portugal however was the major country which greatly influences the culture of Brazil since it was its colonizer. During the colonization period, the Brazilian people were having close contact with the Brazilians especially because Portuguese colonizers inhabited Brazil in large numbers. The slaves who were mostly black Africans also influenced greatly the formation of the Brazilian culture (Nava & Lauerhass, 2006). During the colonial period, the Portuguese wanted the Brazilians to be civilized and thus introduced Portuguese language as well as Catholicism. Portuguese is the most widely spoken language in Brazil although Spanish is also spoken in some parts. English is the second language which is spoken after Portuguese. However, the Brazilian Portuguese is different from Portuguese which is spoken in Portugal and other Portuguese speaking countries. The Brazilian Portuguese contains additional words which are coined from their native language. Most of the Brazilians can speak English though not frequently while a good number of them can hear and understand Spanish though they may not speak it. As mentioned above, Catholicism is widely practiced with most of the individuals thus being Christians. Brazil is one of the countries which have the largest number of catholic population although other beliefs like Hinduism, ayahuasca, spiritism, Judaism and Buddhism have evolved overtime. Other groups of Christianity like the Mormon Church, Methodism and Pentecostalism are also gaining root in Brazil. An annual religious celebration known as carnaval is held in Brazil for forty days and it is celebrated before Easter which marks the lent period (Thomas, 2007). The Brazilian music is composed mostly of traditional styles for example samba, frevo and forro among others. Brazil also has classical music which dates back to the 18th century. The music industry in Brazil is marked by diversity especially after Brazil become democratic in 1985 whereby hip hop music was largely adopted. Music in the past was largely influenced by social classes which existed between the rich, the middle class and the poor people. However, most of the traditional songs were neutral and did not favor any class thus unifying the country music industry. Another important feature of Brazilian culture is their literature which can be traced back to the 16th century. Portuguese explores during the colonial period wrote different poems, plays and chronicles describing Brazil. Brazilian writers started writing soon after independence in 1822 which marked the beginning of natives’ prominence in literature. They also have a folk literature tradition although little of is known internationally. This folk literature is usually done by displaying verses in a booklet format which are hanged on the wall using strings in rhymed verses. This is common in the northeast region where illiteracy level is still high (Nava & Lauerhass, 2006). As mentioned above, carnival is one of the most celebrated events and acts as symbol of the Brazilian people. During this celebration, costumed dancers as well as musicians form parades both formal and even in the streets for a period of four days. This event is celebrated nationally with carnival symbolizing national ethos especially because it depicts the dualities of life of the Brazilians which is divided among the poverty and wealth, female and males and Europeans and Africans. Football is also another highly celebrated activity in Brazil. During major soccer matches like the world cup, all national attention is diverted to soccer with most of the people wearing clothes decorated with colors of their national flag (Garibaldi de Hilal, 2006). Brazilians unlike people in the North America have little sense especially of personal space when it comes to their etiquette. The Brazilians may be found in large and also crowded areas which do not bother them. Respect is usually accorded according to the dressing code of a person. To command respect, one thus has to wear appropriately to fit his or her class as dressing is used as a symbol of class. Also, these people tend to physically expressive and they convey some of their emotional information via touching. Touching in Brazil is translated to mean friendship or concern about the welfare of the other person. Women are more inclined to touching and kissing their fellow women as a sign of greetings while men usually pat or bear hug their male counterparts. People like doctors, professors and priests among other are addressed using their titles which is them followed by their first names. Body language is also used in Brazil and is usually varied depending on the social class or standing of an individual. Domestic or house servants greet their masters usually by a limp handshake while slightly bowing the head and lowering the eyes. They address their masters with respectful you (senhora) while masters address servants as voce. Graduates and other educated persons are addressed as doctor. The Brazilians are not bothered by nudity and this is verifiable through scanty dressing that is worn during carnival (Nava & Lauerhass, 2006). In Brazil, personal relationships are valued with body language being highly used while expressing emotions. Touching is one way of expressing concern, friendship and even interest on the other people’s point of view. People who tend to keep their distance while talking to their counterparts are usually considered to be cold and uninterested. Also the national language that is Portuguese is highly valued and even those who can speak English prefer speaking in their native Portuguese language. The Brazilians also value or regard highly their symbols which include the carnival and soccer (Garibaldi de Hilal, 2006). The national culture of a country affects in a great manner the running of the national affairs as well as the businesses. While carrying out business activities in an area, it is vital to understand the culture which the community holds as this would influence workers motivation and commitment to the business as well as the community’s perception of the business. Apart from the expertise or experience of the workers and the managers, national culture contributes in largely to the growth or stagnation of a business and as such it should be treated carefully. Knowledge of the Brazilian culture would influence greatly how a business is to be carried out in this region. As mentioned above, personal relationship is very important to the Brazilians and as such, this would impact greatly to the way a business operates. While carrying out business in this region, it is vital for the managers to ensure that they create personal relationships with their workers as this would act as a motivation factor. Managers who keep their distance may be viewed as being cold or rude in Brazil and as such, understanding the culture of the Brazilians would help in managing and running a business successfully (Ferreira, et al, n. d). Brazilians also respect and adore their symbols which are mainly soccer and carnival celebrations. During this period, most of the Brazilians are committed to the celebrations and as such may not be willing to work as usual or for long hours. Understanding the value the Brazilians attach to these functions would influence how activities of a business are carried out. This is more so because these celebrations are nationally accepted as part of their culture. During the festive period, the business may be run fewer hours be closed till the festive seasons is over. Learning to value what the native Brazilians value would help in establishing an entity in this region and also earning the commitment of the workers to the business (Ferreira, et al, n. d). Conclusion For any business to be successful, it is vital to ensure that it observes and values the national culture in existence in a particular area. The culture of a community or a country determines the attitudes, behavior and response of the workers in an organization and as such, managers should ensure that they fully understand the national culture existing in a country as this is bound to influence not only the workers performance of tasks but also the running of the business. A company deemed to esteem the national culture is more likely to be successful that a company comprising of good management team but which does not respect or observe the national culture. Reference: Ferreira, M. C. et al (n. d): Organizational culture in Brazilian public and private companies. Retrieved on 2nd April 2009 from, http://ebooks. iaccp. org/ongoing_themes/chapters/ferreira/ferreira. php? file=ferreira&output=screen. Garibaldi de Hilal, A. V. (2006): Brazilian National Culture, Organizational Culture and Cultural Agreement. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, Vol. 6 Nava, C. & Lauerhass, L. (2006): Brazil in the making: facets of national identity. ISBN 0742537579, Published by Rowman & Littlefield Thomas, V. (2007): Culture of BRAZIL. Retrieved on 2nd April 2009 from, http://www. everyculture. com/Bo-Co/Brazil. html.

Effectiveness of National and International Efforts Essay

Discuss the effectiveness of national and international efforts to tackle the problem of global climate change. Since the late nineteenth century, the view that global climate change is directly influenced by human behaviour has become increasingly accepted as scientists have provided better evidence for the relationship between the level of global carbon dioxide concentrations and global temperatures. A large number of natural phenomenon and processes are affected by climate change, and these in turn can have a negative impact on groups of people living around the world; i.e. The melting of the ice-caps is responsible for the decrease in the number of polar bears in the arctic, rising sea levels increase the risk and regularity of floods in low-lying areas like Bangladesh, and the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone failing to reach Niger, Chad and Sudan was responsible for a large prolonged famine in the 1980s. The magnitude of the number of countries affected mean that climate change is not just applicable to one nation; it is of international importance. Therefore, as climate change has increasingly become a global issue in recent years, a number of international organisations have been formed to monitor global climate change and to reduce and possibly reverse global climate change. International efforts incorporate a greater number of people than national efforts, and therefore they can have a much larger impact on trying to tackle climate change. However, tackling climate change is expensive, and for certain less economically developed countries- (LEDC’s), it would be unreasonable to insist that they should prioritise tackling climate change over some of their national problems, such as lowering the infant mortality rate and establishing a good healthcare system. Furthermore, international efforts to tackle climate change also face problems from the disparity of natural resources, which means that different solutions have to be used in different countries. Britain has a large amount of coastline, and can therefore generate s ustainable energy by using tidal barriers; a solution not available to land-locked countries such as Switzerland. The C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group is a network of 59 cities ranging from Los Angeles in the U.S.A to Addis Ababa- the capital city of Ethiopia. Despite the aforementioned problems facing international efforts to tackle climate change, cities are ideally placed to influence climate change, as they consume over 2/3rds of the world’s energy and are responsible for around 70% of global carbon dioxide emissions. The C40 Group was formed in 2005 to give support to mayors hoping to cut greenhouse gas emissions in their own individual cities. The group is extremely effective, as increased discussions and communications between the leaders of a network of cities mean that the best and most effective ways of cutting greenhouse gas emissions can be copied from city to city. The group aims to ‘use collaboration, knowledge sharing and metrics to drive meaningful, measurable and sustainable action’. So far the group have put in place a range of policies such as using more-efficient lighting and building codes, and capturing methane from landfill sites; these should cut 248 million tons of greenhouse gas emissions by 2020. In addition, as these cities grow and develop, so too does their capacity to tackle climate change, with the New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg claiming that they have the capacity to cut their carbon output by one gigaton (a billion tons) by 2030 in relation to the current predicted levels of carbon output for 2030. The achievements of the C40 group are in stark contrast to the results of international negotiations between countries, the majority of which have failed to reach binding targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions and thus tackling global warming. In addition to the C40 group, a number of other international organisations work with cities to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. EMBARQ (The World Resources Institutes Centre for Sustainable Transport) has worked with Rio de Janeiro (a C40 cities member) to develop a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) corridor. This public transport system will not only reduce pollution, but is also expected to help hundreds of thousands of Rio’s residents, providing them with safer transport and shorter commutes. The first corridor became operational on June the 6th, 2012, servicing around 220,000 people. The buses themselves are energy efficient, and therefore reduce the amount of energy used for public transport, and their emissions are also regulated to ensure that harmful gas emissions are minimized. In addition, the time taken to complete a journey has been cut dramatically through the introduction of bus lanes; this means that traffic congestion in the city has been eased, and the improved buses with their shorter journey times will encourage more of the city’s residents to use public transport, thereby reducing the number of vehicles on the road and further cutting greenhouse gas emissions and energy use. The city has plans for another 3 corridors, to further improve the public transport system, cut greenhouse gas emissions and reduce energy consumption, thus continuing to tackle climate change. The BRT scheme in Rio de Janeiro was a local idea, completely funded by the city council, but it had international advice in how to set up and manage the system. One of the reasons why the scheme was put into place so quickly and effectively was because the international organisation it dealt with was an non-governmental organisation (N.G.O- EMBARQ) which specializes in sustainable transport, and much like the C40 cities group, EMBARQ was able to take ideas which had previously been applied in other countries and reproduce them in Rio de Janeiro. As an international co-operation between two organisations which were reasonably small, (as opposed to two countries), the target set was much more specific- reduce greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption through improving the public transport . However, when a number of countries meet, such as at the RIO+20 conference (the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development), outcomes from discussions are vague, and whilst some ideas may start to be formed, very few actual schemes emerge from such discussions. For example, the primary outcome from the Rio+20 was the document ‘the future we want’, in which the heads of governments attending the conference simply renewed their political commitment to sustainable development. The document re-affirms their commitment to Agenda 21 and other action plans for sustainable development, which were agreed 20 years ago in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development. This lack of action and inefficiency compares poorly against the effectiveness of collaboration between EMBARQ and Rio de Janeiro’s city council. The one major exception to this trend is the Kyoto Protocol dating from 2005, when 191 member countries collectively agreed to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by 5.2% on average for the period 2008-12. Despite what may seem an initially very promising agreement, the Kyoto Protocol does fall short on some aspects; it encourages use of bio-fuels and allows member countries to use land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF activities) in meeting their targets. Whilst bio-fuels do cut greenhouse gas emissions, huge areas of forestry (particularly in Indonesia) are being de-forested in order to make space for the production of crops to be used for bio-fuels. This practice is ultimately unsustainable, but has been encouraged by the Kyoto Protocol. Although the majority of international summits and discussions fail to result in collaboration amongst countries with regards to tackling climate change, a large number of national schemes have been formed due to Agenda 21 and other such documents. An example of this is the ‘carbon action plan’ introduced by the U.K government in December 2011. It has broken down the need to cut greenhouse gas emissions into a number of criteria, as detailed by Agenda 21, such as ‘reducing emissions from business and industry’ and ‘saving energy in homes and communities’. From these the UK government has established steps which will help it achieve the criteria set, and achieving these in turn will then cut greenhouse gas emissions. By breaking down the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions sustainably into achievable stages, the UK government can focus on specific targets which, once achieved, will result in them achieving their end objective. In addition, rather than dramatically changing current systems, or spending lots of money on one way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the Carbon Plan takes into account a large range of solutions, which will be implemented gradually. This, like the step by step approach for the Bus Rapid Transit system in Rio de Janeiro, means that progress can constantly be reviewed to make sure that the carbon plan is on track, and that they are going about cutting greenhouse gas emissions the most sustainable way. Furthermore, the research done into preparing the carbon plan has also generated a number of other initia tives, such as the Green Investment Bank (GIB). This is a funding scheme initiated by the U.K government to attract private funds ‘for the financing of the private sector’s investments related to environmental preservation and improvement’. In short, they intend to set up a fund financed by major banks which will make investments in environmental technology, such as off-shore wind farms; this will help the UK government meet its target for reducing carbon emissions, and yet will be funded not by the U.K, but by a collection of banks, who will hope to make a long-term gain in their investment in environmental technology. However, the effectiveness of this scheme has been debated, with the World Development Movement claiming the GIB would be too small to attract the kind of investment needed to generate green jobs and industry in the U.K. In conclusion, the effectiveness of national and international efforts to tackle global climate change strongly depends on whether the solution used is realistic, well planned and appropriate to the context. Where the solution is all of the above, such as the BRT system and the Carbon Plan, they can be extremely effective; tackling global climate change and making other improvements, such as that to infrastructure in Rio de Janeiro. Unfortunately, despite incorporating a larger number of people, international programs tend to be less effective than national efforts, as the latter are normally focused on specific outcomes rather than just the goal of ‘reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 5.2% a year’- as set by the Kyoto protocol. Nevertheless, some international co-operation has been shown to produce results, and the international aspect of tackling climate change shows governments and N.G.Os that they are working alongside a larger body of people to achieve the same end goal; therefore providing a framework upon which national schemes are shaped.

Anthropology-Media Essays - Ilkka Ronkainen, Cultural Anthropology

Anthropology-Media Essays - Ilkka Ronkainen, Cultural Anthropology Anthropology-Media BIBLIOGRAPHY Hall Stuart (1997) Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices Sage Publications Chapter 1 Dyer, Gillian (1982) Advertising as Communication Routledge London Ideology and Meaning in Advertsing Marion Boyars, London Kline, Stephen(1995) The Play on the Market: On the Internationalisation of Childrens Culture,in Theroy Culture & Society, Vol.12, pg 103-129 SAGE, London, Thousand Oaks, and New Delhi Berman, Ronald(1981) Advertising and Social Change, pg 13 SAGE, Beveley Hills and California Czinkota, Michael R and Ronkainen, Ilkka A (1996) Global Marketing Dryden Press Boone, Louis E and Kurtz, David L Contemporary Marketing Plus Eighth Edition The Dryden Press Chapter 7 Wells, William, Burnett, John & Moriarty, Sandra (1995) Advertising Principles and Practice Third Edition, Chapter 5 Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey

The Belle Epoque An analysis of its literature and history Essay

The Belle Epoque An analysis of its literature and history - Essay Example But it ws the rurl electorte tht ws now in control. Following the politicl consolidtion of the Third Republic in the lte 1870s, nd resurgence of ntionl confidence fter the success of the exposition of 1878, new epoch begn in the history of Pris. Republicnism developed long with universl suffrge nd, in the fce of n initil roylist thret, into brod colition of the Third Estte. Tht colition united the "new socil lyer," s Gmbett clled the middle clss, nd the rurl msses. Thus it not only ended the "Frnce of the notbles" but finlly eliminted the specil politicl sttus tht Pris hd held for lmost century. In republicn Frnce the city lost its former revolutionry sovereignty nd its bility to mke nd brek regimes. s of 1880 the government nd Ntionl ssembly once gin hd their set in Pris, nd the city ws still the epicenter of the tremors tht uninter ruptedly shook the Third Republic (Weber, 1986: 105). ... In the Belle Epoque, s the yers between 1880 nd 1914 cme to be known, Pris developed into the world cpitl of fshion, rt, nd literture, nd of life's plesures (Shttuck, 1999). This ws no coincidence but rther the result of vrious developments tht colesced, strengthened, nd enriched one nother. Belle Epoque Pris ws gigntic ctlyst for the shrill excitements, the somber fers, nd the optimistic expecttions tht were so chrcteristic of the fin de sicle, nd were expressed by multitude of views nd competing rtistic schools nd cliques. The effects of Hussmnn's redevelopments on the chrcter of Pris becme pprent only fter 1880, when Frnce begn to recover from the consequences of its defet nd the suppression of the Commune.Destruction of the Commune completed Hussmnn's plnned expulsion of the clsses lborieuses to the ghettos of the ceinture rouge. It left n overwhelmingly middle-clss socil milieu in the cpitl, with conservtive voting pttern in its twenty rrondissements.The socil leveling of the popultion ws complemented by democrtizing process of dily life, s exmplified by the success of the grnds mgsins. Under the uspices of the Republic nd universl suffrge, which strengthened nd ensured this development, life ws lived in public-something tht stonished mny contemporries. It ws ccompnied by wht the vicomte d'venel described s the nivellement des jouissnces -the dwn of consumer society nd mss culture. In this wy the mteril foundtions were lid for the fscinting mgic displyed in Pris during the Belle Epoque. Two phenomen were lrgely responsible for the nivellement des jouissnces : the cf-concert nd the music hll, nd the expositions. Though the trdition of the former dtes further bck, they hd never before, nor hve they since, experienced such success. t the turn of the century

Annotated Bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Annotated Bibliography - Essay Example Clardy, A. (2008). Policies for Managing the Training and Development Function: Lessons from the Federal Government. Public Personnel Management. Vol. 37 (1):. 27+. Retrieved 13 April, 2011 from Questia. Clardy (2008) undertook a literature review on the policies of human resource development and archival data in order to determine whether the framework used by the federal government workforce could be applicable to other employment environments. He found that while they cannot be considered as a means of solving all problems in the management of training functions, they can provide a scaffold from which training can be more effectively managed and how human resource development policies can better focus, shape, and guide a company’s human resource. De Meuse, K., Hostage, T., Eau, C. & O’Neill, K. (2007). A Longitudinal Evaluation of Senior Managers' Perceptions and Attitudes of a Workplace Diversity Training Program. Human Resource Planning. Vol.30 (2): 38. Retrieved 1 3 April, 2011 from Ebscohost. This study, a pilot study undertaken within a large manufacturing company aiming to implement a new program of diversity, aimed to find out whether the training would be effective. The pilot study involved 57 mangers and senior managers across 70 locations throughout North and South America. A survey was administered a week prior and after the training and gain 3 months later. The results proved positive in terms of increased scores both directly after and further after the training, which provides a number of positive implications for diversity training of senior management. Druskat, V., Sala, F. & Mount, G. (2006). Linking Emotional Intelligence and Performance at Work: Current Research Evidence with Individuals and Groups. Mahwah, New Jersey:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. The primary aim of this book is to provide discussion on current and leading edge research into the link between emotional intelligence and workplace performance for future researcher s and organizations and human resource departments. The main objective is to provide evidence and applied research for increasing knowledge and thus capabilities of improved workplace outcomes. Gray, R. (2007). Climate of Success: Creating the Right Organization Climate for High Performance. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth Heinemann. Gray (2007) explores the notion of organizational climate by using case studies to depict the causal links and effects of different climate issues and making recommendations on how to make improvements. He also shows how climate characteristics occur, how they impact on performance, and how managers can manipulate these characteristics and use their knowledge and understanding to benefit others as well as themselves. Grugulis, I. (2009). Skills, Training and Human Resource Development: A Response. Economic and Labour Relations Review. Vol.19 (2): 123+. Retrieved 13 April, 2011 from Questia. Grugulis’ (2009) article is a response to an earlier cri tique written by Ian Hampson (n.d) in relation to her book entitled ‘Skills, Training and Human Resource Development’. In her response Grugilis (2009) reiterates her motives for writing the book and thus the focus of her book, which was questioned by Hampson. She states that her book is intended to make academic research in human resource development (HRD) more